Implementación de un cribado de fragilidad desde atención primaria en el Área Sanitaria de Ferrol / Implementation of a frailty screening from primary care in the Health Area of Ferro

Objetivos: Conocer la prevalencia de fragilidad entre los sujetos de 70 o más años que acuden a la consulta de enfermería de atención primaria, así como conocer las variables asociadas a la presencia de fragilidad. Metodología: Estudio observacional transversal en el que, tras un muestreo por conveniencia, se utilizó la Short Physical Performance Battery para realizar un cribado de fragilidad a 114 pacientes. Se utilizó una regresión logística multivariante para conocer las variables asociadas a la fragilidad. Resultados: Un 35,4% de los sujetos estudiados se catalogaron como frágiles tras la realización de las pruebas de función física. Las variables asociadas en el análisis multivariado a la fragilidad fueron la edad, el entorno de residencia, el riesgo de caídas, la toma de anticoagulantes orales y el tratamiento con insulina lenta. Conclusiones: Este estudio ha evidenciado las altas prevalencias existentes de fragilidad, poniendo de relieve la importancia de este tipo de cribados y la pertinencia de que la enfermería de atención primaria contribuya a su detección y manejo.(AU)

Objectives: To know the prevalence of frailty among subjects aged 70 or over who attend the primary care nursing consultation, as well as to know the variables associated with the presence of frailty. Methodology: Cross-sectional observational study in which, after convenience sampling, the Short Physical Performance Battery was used to screen 114 patients for frailty. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the variables associated with frailty. Results: 35.4% of the subjects studied were classified as frail after performing the physical function tests. The variables associated with frailty in the multivariate analysis were age, residence environment, risk of falls, taking oral anticoagulants, and slow insulin treatment. Conclusions: This study has evidenced the high existing prevalence of frailty, highlighting the importance of this type of screening and the relevance of primary care nursing contributing to its detection and management.(AU)

[Effect of confinement during COVID-19 outbreak on sleep quality in Galicia.] / Efecto del confinamiento por la pandemia de COVID-19 sobre la calidad del sueño en Galicia.

OBJECTIVE: Stressful situations may have a negative effect on population's mental health, including impaired sleep quality. Thus, we analysed the effect on sleep during the confinement due to the COVID-19 outbreak, in a Galicia population sample, measuring subjective sleep satisfaction, and insomnia intensity and incidence. METHODS: Through an adapted questionnaire from the Cuestionario Oviedo de Sueño, distributed telematically and printed, using a convenience sampling in Galicia, we compared sleep situation, before and during the first two weeks of confinement for COVID-19. We compared the results of the questionnaire before and during confinement with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and McNemar's test. RESULTS: In 451 analysed subjects, there was about half point decrease in sleep satisfaction (in a 1 to 7 scale), three points increase in insomnia score (9 to 45 scale) and an increase from 23.1 to 36.3% in the insomnia incidence (p<0.001 for all the comparisons). There existed less affectation in the insomnia incidence in elderly above 65 years (from 21.7 to 26.1%, p=1) and in subjects that telecommuted (unchanged 28.1% incidence, p=1). In a post-hoc analysis of a health workers subgroup, sleep affectation was similar to that of others workers. CONCLUSIONS: Confinement situation in COVID-19 outbreak context in our environment has caused important alterations in the population's sleep quality, increasing the symptoms and incidence of insomnia.

OBJETIVO: Las situaciones de estrés pueden tener repercusiones sobre la salud mental de la población, que pueden incluir alteraciones en la calidad del sueño. Por ello analizamos el efecto sobre el sueño durante el confinamiento por la pandemia del COVID-19 en una muestra de población española, midiendo la satisfacción subjetiva con el sueño, y la intensidad e incidencia de insomnio. METODOS: Mediante un cuestionario adaptado a partir del Cuestionario Oviedo de Sueño, distribuido de forma telemática e impresa, a través de un muestreo de conveniencia en Galicia, se comparó la situación del sueño en la población, antes y durante los primeros quince días del confinamiento por el COVID-19. La comparación de los resultados del cuestionario antes y durante el confinamiento se realizó con la prueba de rangos con signo de Wilcoxon y el test de McNemar. RESULTADOS: En los 451 sujetos analizados, se encontró una disminución de medio punto en la satisfacción del sueño (en una escala de 1 a 7), un incremento de tres puntos en la puntuación de insomnio (escala de 9 a 45) y un incremento del 23,1 al 36,3% en la incidencia de insomnio (p<0,001 para todas las comparaciones). Existió menor afectación en la incidencia de insomnio en los mayores de 65 años (pasó del 21,7 al 26,1%, p=1), y en los sujetos que se encontraban realizando teletrabajo (se mantuvo en el 28,1%, p=1). En un análisis post-hoc de un subgrupo de personal sanitario, la afectación del sueño fue similar a la de otros trabajadores. CONCLUSIONES: La situación de confinamiento en el contexto de la pandemia del COVID-19 en nuestro entorno ha provocado alteraciones importantes en la calidad del sueño de la población, incrementando los síntomas y la incidencia de insomnio.

Glycemic Variability and Its Association With Demographics and Lifestyles in a General Adult Population.

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to investigate glycemic variability indices in relation to demographic factors and common environmental lifestyles in a general adult population. METHODS: The A Estrada Glycation and Inflammation Study is a cross-sectional study covering 1516 participants selected by sampling of the population aged 18 years and over. A subsample of 622 individuals participated in the Glycation project, which included continuous glucose monitoring procedures. Five glycemic variability indices were analyzed, that is, SD, MAGE, MAG, CONGA1, and MODD. RESULTS: Participants had a mean age of 48 years, 62% were females, and 12% had been previously diagnosed with diabetes. In the population without diabetes, index distributions were not normal but skewed to the right. Distributional regression models that adjusted for age, gender, BMI, alcohol intake, smoking status, and physical activity confirmed that all indices were positively and independently associated with fasting glucose levels and negatively with heavy drinking. SD, MAGE, and CONGA1 were positively associated with aging, and MAG was negatively associated with BMI. None of the GVI studied were influenced by physical activity. Age-group-specific reference values are given for the indices. CONCLUSIONS: This study yielded age-specific reference values for glucose variability indices in a general adult population. Significant increases were observed with aging. Heavy drinking of more than 140 g/week was associated with significant decreases in variability indices. No differences were found between males and females. These normative ranges provide a guide for clinical care, and may offer an alternative treatment target among persons with diabetes.